O.+Body+Language-Gestures

 **How much can we 'say' without using words? **
 * Some points to consider: **//Identify some of your culture's body language by answering the questions below. These questions are open and do not have a right or wrong answer. They are to help you think about body language. //

1. When you meet someone for the first time, how do you greet him or her? 2. Do you use the same greeting for men as for women? 3. How do you greet your friends? 4. How do you greet a friend of the opposite sex? 5. How do you greet members of your family: children, adults,old people? 6. Describe three gestures you use frequently and say what they mean. 7. How would you expect the following people to dress? //a dentist, a bank manager, a teacher, a shop assistant, a secondary school student // 8. Which gestures are impolite in your culture? Read the text below and check the meanings of any words you do not understand in a dictionary. //When we communicate with other people it is not only our words that contain the meaning. An important part of that meaning comes from what is called 'non-verbal communication'. By this we mean facial expression; gestures with hands, arms, legs; the way we sit or stand; the way we touch other people; the distance we keep between ourselves and the people we are talking to; our dress and our appearance. All these say something to other people. // //Facial expressions and gestures are used by everyone often spontaneously, even unconsciously. Smiling, for example, is found in most cultures as a sign of happiness or pleasure. Gestures such as pointing, waving, shaking or nodding the head are also widely used, although the gestures themselves do not always mean the same in every culture. I once asked a Portuguese student why bank officials in Lisbon seemed so dour – sorry Lisbon bank clerks, but it's true – and he told me that if they smiled too much they would not seem serious about their work. // //<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Because many non-verbal messages are 'culture specific', they can cause a lot of misunderstanding between people from different backgrounds. Northern Europeans and Americans, for example, like to keep a certain 'personal space' between themselves and others and feel uncomfortable if people come too close to them. In these same cultures it is considered impolite to stare, but Greeks, it is said, feel ignored if people do not stare at them in public. Europeans usually change their facial expression to show happiness, anger, boredom, sadness. For this reason they call oriental people 'inscrutable' because they change facial expression much less. // //<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">In styles of dress we also make important statements about ourselves. Dress codes vary greatly from one culture to another and it is easy to make mistakes about people's status if you don't know the cultural norm. In Mediterranean cultures bank officials and similar employees wear short-sleeved, open-neck shirts and no jackets. This casual dress would not be acceptable in northern Europe, where suits and ties are a sign of seriousness. Ambitious women in western cultures wear classic clothes in sober colours to indicate their dedication to career. // //<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">One of the main differences between verbal and non-verbal communication is that we are often not conscious of the expressions and gestures we use and so we are in danger of giving more information than we really want to, or even of giving a conflicting message with our body language to the one expressed in our words. // <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">1. 'Body language' is: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A. The way we dress---B. The expressions on our face---C. Non-verbal communication <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">2. When we do something 'spontaneously' (line 6), we do it: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A. immediately---B. after careful thought---C. reluctantly <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">3. 'Status' (line 22) means: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A. condition---B. level of seniority---C. age <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">4. 'Classic clothes' (line 26) are: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A. fashionable wear---B. casual dress---C. unobtrusive, sensible dress <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">5. A 'conflicting message' (line 30) gives people: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A. useful information---B. confusing information---C. wrong information. __**<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">Vocabulary **__ <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Body language 'speaks' through facial expressions: **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">gestures: **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">and through the messages we give from the way we dress, whether we stand or sit, how close we come to people.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Body Language - ESL lesson **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">By:Brenda Townsend Hall **
 * <span style="background-color: #d9b381; color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 200%;">Body Language **
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Exercise 1: This exercise is to test your understanding of the text. Read the questions below and choose the best answer. **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Here are some exercises on the vocabulary associated with body language.


 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Exercise 2: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Match these actions with the messages they give **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">to frown **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">to smile **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">to cry **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">to tremble **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">to raise your eyebrows **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">to grit your teethbeing afraid[[image:imagesCATN1S7Q.jpg align="right"]] **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">being surprised **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">being determined **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">being worried **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">being happy **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">being sad **
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Exercise 3: **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">Posture is the word used to describe the way we use our whole body. We can stand straight and still, like a soldier on parade; we can sit back in a relaxed manner; we can fold our arms, cross our legs; we can lie down; we can jump about. Each posture reflects our emotion and attitude.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">Think about postures and what they can show. Match the description of a posture, to an attitude or emotion. Don't forget to use your dictionary to check the mean of new words.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">1. She sits and folds her arms, hugging her body <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">2. She stands and pats her hair <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">3. He stands and adjusts his tie <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">4. He shrugs his shoulders <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">5. He sits and puts his head down or down or slightly to one side <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">6. He sits and bangs the table <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">7. He sits and fidgets and then stands and walks about. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">8. She leans forward
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">a. anger **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">b.worry **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">c.interest[[image:imagesCA469D3R.jpg align="right"]] **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">d.shyness **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">e.vanity **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">f.male pride **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">g.boredom **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">h. lack of concern **
 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">Let's discuss the matter even further: //Click here// **

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Listening Activity: to listen to the article //

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">The reading of facial expressions may not be __1.__. This is the conclusion of researchers from Glasgow University in Scotland. They __2.__ that people from different cultures read facial expressions differently. In particular, they said there were big differences between the ___3.__ ___ Westerners and East Asians interpret facial expressions. The study suggests East Asians__ _4. _ mostly on people’s eyes to read an emotion, but Europeans and Americans __5.__ the whole face. Researcher Rachael Jack said: We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face ___6.__ ___ to read facial expressions. She added: "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in _7.__ _ measure, whereas Easterners ___8.__ ___ the eyes and neglect the mouth." Ms. Jack suggested there are__ _9. _ in interpreting facial expressions and the _10. ___ of emoticons. She said East Asians use the eyes in emoticons to__ _11. _ emotion, forexample ^_^ means happy and ;_; is sad. Westerners, however, use the mouth. For example :) is for happy and :( is for sad. She added: “Interestingly, there are ___12.__ ___ cultural differences in the formations of these icons. Emoticons are used to convey different emotions in__ _13._ as they are the iconic representation of facial expressions.” The researchers said their __14.__ showed intercultural communication is more complicated than we thought. They said: "When it ___15._____to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves__ 16. __in translation."__


 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 150%;">TASK FOR HOMEWORK: Click here to complete the tasks **__